50SnTin118.71 u
Tin (Sn)
Tin is a post-transition metal with atomic number 50, in period 5 and group 14 of the periodic table. Its atomic mass is 118.71 u and its electron configuration is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p². Solid at 25 °C.
Key facts
| Atomic number | 50 |
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| Atomic mass | 118.71 u |
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| Category | Post-Transition Metal |
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| Period | 5 |
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| Group | 14 |
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| Block | p |
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| Electron configuration | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p² |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 4 |
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| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.96 |
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| Oxidation states | −4, −3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4common in bold |
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| State at 25 °C | Solid |
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| Melting point | 505.08 K231.93 °C |
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| Boiling point | 2875 K2601.85 °C |
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| Density | 7.31 g/cm³ |
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Atomic properties
| First ionization energy | 7.344 eV |
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| Electron affinity | 115.8 kJ/mol |
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| Atomic radius | 162 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 139 pm |
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| Van der Waals radius | 217 pm |
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| Common ions | Sn⁴⁺, Sn²⁺ |
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| Protons, neutrons, electrons | 50, 69, 50 |
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Physical and thermal properties
| Molar volume | 16.29 cm³/mol |
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| Heat of fusion | 7 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of vaporization | 290 kJ/mol |
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| Specific heat | 217 J/(kg·K) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 67 W/(m·K) |
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| Thermal expansion | 2.2 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹ |
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| Mohs hardness | 1.5 |
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| Young’s modulus | 50 GPa |
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| Crystal structure | Centered tetragonal |
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| Magnetic type | Diamagnetic |
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Identification and history
| CAS number | 7440-31-5 |
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| Latin name | Stannum |
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| Discovered by | Around 3500 BC |
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| Named by | --- |
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Natural isotopes
| Isotope | Mass (u) | Abundance |
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| 112Sn | 111.904825 | 0.97 % |
| 114Sn | 113.90278 | 0.66 % |
| 115Sn | 114.903345 | 0.34 % |
| 116Sn | 115.901743 | 14.54 % |
| 117Sn | 116.902954 | 7.68 % |
| 118Sn | 117.901607 | 24.22 % |
| 119Sn | 118.903311 | 8.59 % |
| 120Sn | 119.902203 | 32.58 % |
| 122Sn | 121.903445 | 4.63 % |
| 124Sn | 123.90528 | 5.79 % |
Data checked against PubChem (NIH), IUPAC, the NIST Atomic Spectra Database and the IAEA (NUBASE and AME), the same data you see in the app.
A dash (---) means there is no reliable published measurement. The app never makes one up.
See Tin in the app
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Periodic Table